Stone County, Missouri
Coordinates: 36°44′N 93°28′W / 36.74°N 93.47°W / 36.74; -93.47Stone County is a county located in Southwest Missouri in the United States. As of the 2000 U.S. Census, the county's population was 28,658. A 2008 estimate, however, showed the population to be 32,103. Its county seat is Galena. The county was officially organized on February 10, 1851, and is named after William Stone, an English pioneer and an early settler in Maryland who also served as Taney County Judge.Stone County is part of the Branson Micropolitan Statistical Area.
History
This section sites no references and may be incorrect, please edit to include only referenced material and to match the tone of an encyclopedia article. See Talk pageAuthentic history of the occupation, settlement and colonization of this region which on February 10, 1851, became Stone County, Missouri, begins about 50 years before the creation of the county. During this period there were two distinct immigrations, one of which was by the Delaware Native Americans and the other by Anglo-Saxon colonizers.The Delaware Native Americans immigrated to this region about 1800 to 1808 and remained until their evacuation under governmental compulsion in 1830 to the Kansas Territory. These were the progeny of the Delaware Native Americans which the European explorers, more than two centuries before, had found in the valley of the Delaware River. They were the traditional enemies of the Iroquois which finally conquered them after which the pressure of both the Iroquois and the whites forced them periodically and successively westward into Ohio, Indiana, and finally into Missouri. They lived in portions of Southeast Missouri and finally in territory now included in Greene, Christian, Taney and Stone counties during which time they built and occupied the well-known Delaware town or village on James River in territory which afterwards became Christian County and at or near the point where Highway 14 now crosses that stream. They were peaceful Native Americans. After their evacuation in 1830, they returned here annually until 1836 to hunt and fish, but when the whites misunderstood their innocent purpose and a military force was sent to investigate, they quietly left this region never to return. The first known white settler in this region was James Yocum (sometimes spelled Yoachum) of German origin who around 1790 located at the junction of James and White rivers. He carried on trading with the Native Americans and the white settlers who had furs and peltries to sell or to barter in exchange for such necessities as coffee, salt, blankets, cloth, shoes, rifles, bullets, pots, knives, hatchets, axes and other articles of primary importance to the settler's manner of life. At that time bear, deer, buffalo, elk, beaver, raccoon and other wild life were abundant.A trade-coin, the Yocum Dollar, served the local necessities of commerce. This coin was stamped with two words, 'Yocum Dollar,' and was not intended to be a counterfeit. Its size and shape were identical to the American dollar, and it contained more pure silver.An important historical event in this region was the tour of Henry Rowe Schoolcraft, a historian and explorer who, in 1818 and 1819 at the age of 25, visited this region to study its features and its occupants. He wrote one of his books in 1853. Schoolcraft found these early white settlers, in the main, were not interested in agricultural pursuits. They cleared out and cultivated only an acre or so of land and grew corn for the family and the horses, and a few vegetables for family use, but hunting and trapping were their main interests. He said that when hunting season arrived, their ordinary labors even in the cornfield fell upon their wives and that 'the inhabitants pursue a similar course of life to that of the savages whose love of ease the settlers generally embraced.' Among other settlers, Schoolcraft and his party visited Yocum who fed them roast beaver tails. Any impression that all the white settlers in these times were interested only in a life of ease comparable to the Indians in this region would be erroneous. Many other whites, including other Yocums including Jacob and Solomon, and Joseph Philibert, a Frenchman, went seriously into agricultural pursuits and the establishment of permanent homes, although in the process of doing so they were obligated to obtain much of their subsistence from the abundant wild life until their agricultural efforts were adequate for support. Such white settlers formed the nucleus of the permanent colonization next to be noticed.What we can properly regard as the more permanent and enduring colonization of this region began about 1833 when Kentucky and Tennessee sent their sons into the wilderness to open up the country near the confluence of the James and White rivers. These immigrants were the progeny of the proud Anglo-Saxon colonizers of our Middle Atlantic Coast about 200 years previously. They were neither explorers nor exploiters of the land. They sought no enrichment from mineral resources. They sought no higher privilege than to subvert the land to agricultural purposes and to build their permanent homes thereon, which always had been the distinct characteristic of the English colonizers. The Kentuckians generally were political adherents of Henry Clay and the Tennesseans almost unanimously followed Andrew Jackson. In these early days, the colonists here and elsewhere in the Missouri religious groups were fundamentalists. They would not have thanked anyone for any allegorical explanation of some portions of the Holy Bible which is a stumbling block to some sinners, and possibly some saints. Divorces were frowned upon, no matter what the provocation, and a man who was sued at law, particularly upon his promissory note, was almost disgraced in the public mind.These Anglo-Saxons needed and used the hunting and trapping predecessors as a means of subsistence until their agricultural pursuits improved their living conditions. It was a long and laborious process to reach their goal, for few if any in this hill country had slaves or any other independent means to augment their efforts, but all had large families. Their story is 'the short and simple annals of the poor.' These immigrations from Kentucky and Tennessee and, in time, from other states continued unabated to these two rivers and their tributaries and beyond until about all the low-cost government lands which were desirable for agriculture had been taken. Immigrations were interrupted during the period of the U.S. Civil War, but were resumed thereafter when free lands also were obtainable under the Homestead Law of 1862. The government would not sell land even for a church or a school site until its surveys were completed, for the reason that surveys afforded a definite description and a convenient means of conveying the land.President James Monroe on April 30, 1818, issued a proclamation authorizing the sale of lands in Missouri after its survey. No doubt the delays in making surveys tended to retard the settlement of this area; the extreme northeastern portion of the area in this county, including the confluence of Finley Creek and James River, was not surveyed until 1838. And the remainder was not surveyed until between 1846 and 1849, or barely in advance of the creation of Stone County, although long after the evacuation of the Delaware and other Native American tribes. The 16th General Assembly of Missouri convened on December 30, 1850. By its Act of February 10, 1851, Stone County was created and was named 'in honor of William Stone late of Taney County, Missouri.'
Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 511 square miles (1,323 km²), of which, 463 square miles (1,200 km²) of it is land and 48 square miles (123 km²) of it (9.33%) is water.
Adjacent counties
Christian County(north)
Taney County(east)
Carroll County, Arkansas(south)
Barry County(west)
Lawrence County(northwest)
National National <a href='/wiki/Protected_area' title='Protected area'>protected areaNational <a href='/wiki/Protected_area' title='Protected area'>protected area</a>
Mark Twain National Forest(part)
Major highways
Route 13
Route 76
Route 86
Route 173
Route 176
Route 248
Route 265
Route 413
Airports
Branson West Airport, also known as Branson West Municipal Airport, is a public-use general aviation airport in Stone County. It is located two nautical miles (3.7 km) west of the central business district of the Branson West, which owns the airport.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 28,658 people, 11,822 households, and 8,842 families residing in the county. The population density was 62 people per square mile (24/km²). There were 16,241 housing units at an average density of 35 per square mile (14/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 97.64% White, 0.07% Black or African American, 0.61% Native American, 0.18% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.25% from other races, and 1.20% from two or more races. Approximately 1.04% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Among the major first ancestries reported in Stone County were 24.3% American, 20.4% German, 11.3% English, and 10.8% Irish, according to Census 2000.There were 11,822 households out of which 25.60% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.70% were married couples living together, 7.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.20% were non-families. 21.40% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.76.In the county the population was spread out with 21.40% under the age of 18, 6.20% from 18 to 24, 23.80% from 25 to 44, 29.70% from 45 to 64, and 18.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 96.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.10 males.The median income for a household in the county was $40,487, and the median income for a family was $46,675. Males had a median income of $26,224 versus $19,190 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,813. About 8.50% of families and 12.80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.00% of those under age 18 and 8.10% of those age 65 or over.
Education
Of adults 25 years of age and older in Stone County, 80.4% possesses a high school diploma or higher while 14.2% holds a bachelor's degree or higher as their highest educational attainment.
Public Schools
Blue Eye R-V School District-Blue EyeBlue Eye Elementary School (PK-04)
Blue Eye Middle School (05-08)
Blue Eye High School (09-12)
Crane R-III School District-CraneCrane Elementary School (K-04)
Crane Middle School (05-08)
Crane High School (09-12)
Galena R-II School District-GalenaGalena-Abesville Elementary School (PK-06)
Galena High School (07-12)
Hurley R-I School District-HurleyHurley Elementary School (K-05)
Hurley High School (06-12)
Reeds Spring R-IV School District-Reeds SpringReeds Spring Primary School (PK-01)
Reeds Spring Elementary School (02-04)
Reeds Spring Intermediate School (05-06)
Reeds Spring Middle School (07-08)
Reeds Spring High School (09-12)
Private Schools
Apostolic Christian School -Reeds Spring- (05-12) -Non-denominational Christian
Alternative & Vocational Schools
Gibson Technical Center -Reeds Spring- (09-12) - Vocational/Technical
New Horizons Alternative School -Reeds Spring- (06-12) - Alternative/Other
Tri-Lakes Special Education Cooperative -Blue Eye- (K-12) - Special Education
Local
Politics at the local level in Stone County is completely controlled by the Republican Party. All elected officeholders in Stone County are Republicans.
State
Stone County is divided into four legislative districts in the Missouri House of Representatives, all represented by Republicans:District 62: State Representative Dennis F. Wood (R). In 2008, Wood defeated Democratic challenger Peter D. Tsahiridis with 73.12% of the total vote in the district to Tsahiridis's 26.88%; the Stone County precincts, however, backed Wood with 75.39% and gave Tsahiridis 24.61%.
District 68: State Representative David Sater (R-Cassville). In 2008, Sater ran unopposed and was reelected with 100% of the vote.
District 141: State Representative Jay Wasson (R-Nixa). In 2008, Wasson defeated Democratic challenger Ron Shawgo with 72.78% of the total vote in the district to Shawgo's 27.22%; the Stone County precincts, however, backed Wasson with 76.39% and gave Shawgo 23.61%.
District 143: State Representative Maynard Wallace (R-Thornfield). In 2008, Wallace defeated Democratic challenger Cathy Hilliard with 67.66% of the total vote in the district to Hilliard's 32.34%; the Stone County precincts, however, backed Wallace with 68.35% and gave Hilliard 31.65%.
In the Missouri Senate, Stone County is a part of Missouri's 29th Senatorial District and is currently represented by Jack Goodman (R-Mount Vernon). In 2008, Goodman ran unopposed and was reelected with 100% of the vote. The 29th District includes Barry, Lawrence, McDonald, Ozark, Stone, and Taney counties in Southwest Missouri.In Missouri's gubernatorial election of 2008, Democratic Governor Governor Jay Nixon solidly defeated Republican U.S. Representative Kenny Hulshof with 58.40 percent of the total statewide vote. While Nixon performed extremely well and won many of the rural counties in the state, Stone County was not one of them. Hulshof narrowly won Stone County with 49.53 percent while Nixon received 47.46 percent of the vote. Outside of Greene County which contains Springfield, it was one of Nixon's better showing in Southwest Missouri.
Federal
In the U.S. House of Representatives, Stone County is a part of Missouri's 7th Congressional District and is currently represented by Roy Blunt (R-Springfield).
Political Culture
Like most counties situated in Southwest Missouri, Stone County is a Republican stronghold in presidential elections. George W. Bush carried Stone County in 2000 and 2004 by more than two-to-one margins, and like many other rural counties throughout Missouri, Stone County strongly favored John McCain over Barack Obama in 2008. No Democratic presidential nominee has won Stone County in over 50 years.Like most rural areas throughout the Bible Belt in Southwest Missouri, voters in Stone County traditionally adhere to socially and culturally conservative principles which tend to strongly influence their Republican leanings. In 2004, Missourians voted on a constitutional amendment to define marriage as the union between a man and a woman—it overwhelmingly passed Stone County with 79.87 percent of the vote. The initiative passed the state with 71 percent of support from voters as Missouri became the first state to ban same-sex marriage. In 2006, Missourians voted on a constitutional amendment to fund and legalize embryonic stem cell research in the state—it narrowly failed in Stone County with 52.80 percent voting against the measure. The initiative narrowly passed the state with 51 percent of support from voters as Missouri became one of the first states in the nation to approve embryonic stem cell research. Despite Stone County’s longstanding tradition of supporting socially conservative platforms, voters in the county have a penchant for advancing populist causes like increasing the minimum wage. In 2006, Missourians voted on a proposition (Proposition B) to increase the minimum wage in the state to $6.50 an hour—it passed Stone County with 76.72 percent of the vote. The proposition strongly passed every single county in Missouri with 78.99 percent voting in favor as the minimum wage was increased to $6.50 an hour in the state. During the same election, voters in five other states also strongly approved increases in the minimum wage.
2008 Missouri Presidential Primary
DemocraticFormer U.S. Senator and now Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton (D-New York) won Stone County over now President Barack Obama (D-Illinois) by an almost two-to-one margin with 61.76 percent of the vote while Obama received 35.17 percent of the vote. Although he withdrew from the race, former U.S. Senator John Edwards (D-North Carolina) still received 2.16 percent of the vote in Stone County.Clinton had a large initial lead in Missouri at the beginning of the evening as the rural precincts began to report, leading several news organizations to call the state for her; however, Obama rallied from behind as the heavily African American precincts from St. Louis began to report and eventually put him over the top. In the end, Obama received 49.32 percent of the vote to Clinton’s 47.90 percent—a 1.42 percent difference. Both candidates split Missouri’s 72 delegates as the Democratic Party utilizes proportional representation.RepublicanFormer Governor Mike Huckabee (R-Arkansas) won Stone County with 45.01 percent of the vote. U.S. Senator John McCain (R-Arizona) finished in second place in Stone County with 31.82 percent. Former Governor Mitt Romney (R-Massachusetts) came in third place, receiving 18.80 percent of the vote while libertarian-leaning U.S. Representative Ron Paul (R-Texas) finished fourth with 2.74 percent in Stone County.Huckabee slightly led Missouri throughout much of the evening until the precincts began reporting from St. Louis where McCain won and put him over the top of Huckabee. In the end, McCain received 32.95 percent of the vote to Huckabee’s 31.53 percent—a 1.42 percent difference. McCain received all of Missouri’s 58 delegates as the Republican Party utilizes the winner-take-all system.Mike Huckabee received more votes, a total of 2,528, than any candidate from either party in Stone County during the 2008 Missouri Presidential Primaries.