Muskegon, Michigan
Muskegon (mus-kēg'n) is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 40,105. The city is the county seat of Muskegon County. The city is located at the southwest corner of Muskegon Township, but is administratively autonomous.Muskegon is the greater populated of two principal cities of and included in the Muskegon-Norton Shores Metropolitan Statistical Area with a population of over 174,000, which is further included in the larger Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland Combined Statistical Area (CSA) with a population of 1,323,095.[8] Muskegon is the largest city on the eastern shores of Lake Michigan.
Geography and climate
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 18.0 square miles (46.7 km²), of which, 14.4 square miles (37.2 km²) of it is land and 3.7 square miles (9.5 km²) of it (20.37%) is water. The city is adjacent to two bodies of water: Lake Michigan to the west and Muskegon Lake to the north. The Muskegon River empties into Muskegon Lake at the city's northeast end.
Geographic features
Bear Lake
Mona Lake
Muskegon Lake
Lake Michigan
Demographics
As of the census of 2000 , there were 40,105 people, 14,569 households, and 8,537 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,794.5 per square mile (1,079.1/km²). There were 15,999 housing units at an average density of 1,114.8/sq mi (430.5/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 57.9% White, 31.7% African American, 2.3% Native American, 0.46% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 2.69% from other races, and 3.50% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any origins were 6.4% of the population.There were 14,569 households out of which 31.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.2% were married couples living together, 20.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.4% were non-families. 34.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.13.In the city the population was spread out with 25.8% under the age of 18, 11.6% from 18 to 24, 32.2% from 25 to 44, 18.0% from 45 to 64, and 12.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 109.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 110.3 males.The median income for a household in the city was $27,929, and the median income for a family was $32,640. Males had a median income of $29,114 versus $22,197 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,283. About 16.8% of families and 20.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.6% of those under age 18 and 14.3% of those age 65 or over.
History
Human occupation of the Muskegon area goes back seven or eight thousand years to the nomadic Paleo-Indian hunters who occupied the area following the retreat of the Wisconsonian glaciations. The Paleo-Indians were succeeded by several stages of woodland Indian developments, the most notable of whom were the Hopewellian type-tradition, which occupied this area, perhaps two thousand years ago.During historic times, the Muskegon area was inhabited by various bands of the Ottawa and Pottawatomi Indian tribes. Perhaps the best remembered of the Indian inhabitants of the area was Ottawa Indian Chief, Pendalouan. A leading participant in the French-inspired annihilation of the Fox Indians of Illinois in the 1730s, he and his people lived in the Muskegon vicinity during the 1730s and 1740s, until induced by the French to move the settlement to the Traverse Bay area in 1742.'Muskegon' is derived from the Ottawa Indian term 'Masquigon' meaning 'marshy river or swamp'. The 'Masquigon' river was identified on French maps dating from the late seventeenth century, suggesting that French explorers had reached Michigan's western coast by that time.Father Jacques Marquette traveled northward through the area on his fateful trip to St. Ignace in 1675 and a party of French soldiers under La Salle's lieutenant, Henry de Tonty, passed through the area in 1679.The earliest known Euro-American resident of the county was Edward Fitzgerald, a fur trader and trapper who first came to the Muskegon area in 1748 and who died here, reportedly being buried in the vicinity of White Lake. Sometime between 1790 and 1800, a French-Canadian trader named Joseph La Framboise established a fur trading post at the mouth of Duck Lake. Between 1810 and 1820, several French Canadian fur traders, including Lamar Andie, Jean Baptiste Recollect, and Pierre Constant had established fur trading posts around Muskegon Lake.In 1830 Muskegon was an Ottawa village.Euro-American settlement of Muskegon began in earnest in 1837, which coincided with the beginning of the exploitation of the area's extensive timber resources. The commencement of the lumber industry in 1837 inaugurated what some regard as the most romantic era in the history of the region.
Major employers
Alcoa-Howmet Castings(Whitehall, MI, formerly Misco) - Aerospace components manufacturing<
L3 Communications (formerly Teledyne) - Armored vehicle manufacturing
Johnson Technologies - Turbine engine components manufacturing
Kaydon Corp - Precision Bearings
Consumers Energy - Coal-fired power plant
Mahle (Formerly Dana (formerly Sealed Power)) - Piston Rings - Aerospace
Brunswick- Bowling products
West Michigan Steel
Wesco, inc.(Headquarters)
Cannon-Muskegon Corporation - Specialty alloys
Cole's Foods - Frozen Foods
Nugent Sand
Michigan's Adventure- Amusement Park
Reid Supply Company
Great Lakes Die Cast (formerly Dilesco)
Anderson Global (Formerly Anderson Pattern)
Mercy Health Partners - Healthcare
Century Foundry
Knoll Inc.
PrimeStar Solar
Port City Group
Meijer
Shopping
Major shopping districts in the Muskegon area include:Lakeside: Lakeside is home to the Lake Express, a ferry that crosses Lake Michigan to and from Wisconsin, and currently the center oftouristbased retail shopping. Lakeside features 'wonderful attractions' such as anart gallery, candy store, and the Harbormovie theater. It also features restaurants which give people a feel for the local color and flavor that makes Lakeside a distinct area of the city. The area, together with the downtown and surrounding neighborhoods, is considered by many to be the 'spiritual heart' of Muskegon and has long been home to many of the city's leading residents and businesses. Lakeside is home to the Muskegon Recreation Club, the oldest chartered fraternal organization in the State ofMichigan. First chartered in 1902 and still in the same location, it's famous for its perch fries.
Henry St.: Henry Street from Seminole Rd. to Sherman Blvd. is a corridor and is anchored at Norton Ave. by Meijer and the nearbyWal-Mart. The Sherman Blvd. end features aHome Depotand aWalgreens. Throughout the street are severalstrip mallsand chain restaurants.
Downtown: Formerly the location of the Muskegon Mall, an experiment in 1970s city revitalization which saw the existing downtown infrastructure altered and covered by a glass-and-metal construct. The Muskegon Mall began to fail in the 1990s and was officially shuttered in 2002, and razed in 2004. Today, a major redevelopment effort involving government, business, and citizen interests is in place to restore the downtown portion of the city. At the moment, the downtown area features the beginning of a retail shopping experience and has many restaurants and features two full-service hotels. During warm months, the downtown area also features a large Farmers' Market dedicated to showcasing the best in locally-grown foods, flowers, nursery stock,handicraftsandbaked goods. There are also many historic buildings and cultural attractions, including the famed Frauenthal Theatre; Muskegon Museum of Art; the Robert Hunt Sculpture, 'Muskegon Rising'; Hackley and Hume Historic Site; and Hackley Library.
Apple Avenue: Apple Avenue shopping is a shared corridor between the City of Muskegon and Muskegon Township. On the city side, stores such asK-Mart, Family Dollar, and the Muskegon Laundromat provide retail options to residents on the east side of the city. There are also many popular dining options in the nearby area. East ofUS 31is one of the area's fastest growing shopping areas, supporting the population growth of the eastern side of the metro area.
East Sherman Blvd.: Just east of US 31, the area is home to Sam's Club, Wal-Mart andLowes. East Sherman Blvd. also features a few strip mall developments, a motel, and several chain eateries.
Harvey St. Corridor: This is a relatively newly developed area in Fruitport Township near the intersection of US 31 andI-96. This has become the main retail area in the county. Highlighted byThe Lakes Mall, it features the typical mix of big box retailers, national chain restaurants (Red Lobster, Logan's, Red Robin, Texas Roadhouse, Olive Garden, Bob Evans, Perkin's, Brann's, Buffalo Wild Wings) and stores (Kohl's Department Stores, Menards, Best Buy). New to this area isTarget. Target recently relocated from the East Sherman Blvd. shopping area.
Education
Muskegon Public Schools was founded in 1860 and serves students from preschool through 12th grade. Additionally, it runs the Muskegon Museum of Art and the Muskegon Training and Education Center. In addition to Muskegon Public Schools, the anchor district for the city, there are several other public K-12 schools. These include Mona Shores, Reeths-Puffer, North Muskegon, Fruitport, Orchard View, Oakridge, and Muskegon Heights. As well as private K-12 schools: Muskegon Catholic Central, Fruitport Calvary Christian, and Western Michigan Christian.On a side note, many of these schools are noted throughout the state for high school sports. Muskegon ranks first in the state of Michigan, and in the top 15 nationally in all-time football victories, With Muskegon Catholic Central they have been perennial powerhouses in MHSAA football playoffs. Muskegon is a city known for their high school football. Muskegon Heights and Western Michigan Christian rank among the top schools in total boys basketball crowns. Mona Shores has emerged as a regular player in the MHSAA Hockey Final Four.The City of Muskegon is also served by Muskegon Community College and Baker College.Grand Valley State University's Muskegon Campus is home to the Michigan Alternative and Renewable Energy Center (MAREC) and Annis Water Resources Institute (AWRI) inside the Lake Michigan Center located in downtown Muskegon.Western Michigan University, Ferris State University, and Grand Valley State University all operate programs out of the Stevenson Center for Higher Education on the campus of Muskegon Community College. It is designed so that an undergrad at MCC may transfer to any of the above schools and complete a bachelors and/or masters degree without having to leave Muskegon.
Music and fine arts
Muskegon is home to Blue Lake Fine Arts Camp, located in the Manistee National Forest in the town of Twin Lake.Once a movie house, the Frauenthal Center for the Performing Arts includes two theatres (the main Frauenthal house and the smaller Beardsley Theatre in the adjoining Hilt Building). It reopened 11 years ago, and runs JAM Theatrical productions, Muskegon Civic Theatre productions, is home of the West Shore Symphony Orchestra, is the venue for all Muskegon Community Concert Association events, and used to be home to the now-defunct Cherry County Playhouse.Muskegon also has one the of founding chapters of the Barbershop Harmony Society.Muskegon also houses a moderate-sized private collection of fine art in the Muskegon Museum of Art.Muskegon is also home to the progressive rock band 'The Red Handed.'
Festivals
Muskegon Summer Celebration is an eleven-day festival, held during the July 4 holiday every year, that brings national music acts of all backgrounds to the shore of Muskegon Lake at Heritage Landing. Also included is the Muskegon Art Fair, street fair, Village Craft Market, and the carnival rides.Muskegon Bike Time held July 17. through 19th. in 2009 is an annual event and a fast growing motorcycle attraction that attracts upwards of 50,000 people.The Muskegon Motorcycle Club, organized in 1920, host the Hill Climb every other year, an American Motorcycle Association (AMA) sanctioned race.The Muskegon Film Festival is held in May.Each August, the Unity Christian Music Festival takes place at Heritage Landing. In May, Rock the Coast takes place at Michigan's Adventure. Both are organized by Alive on the Lakeshore.In September, the Michigan Irish Music Festival brings renown Celtic musicians to Heritage Landing on the shore of Muskegon Lake. In addition to music, Irish food, beverages, merchandise and cultural exhibits contribute to the appeal of this event. The Michigan Feis (Irish Dance competition) is affiliated and is held at Muskegon Catholic Central High School.In early October, the International Buster Keaton Society visit Muskegon to host their annual convention. The event features public showings of Keaton films at the Frauenthal Theater.
Museums and theater
Broadway at the Frauenthal (Fall through Spring), brings big-time Broadway musicals to Muskegon. Muskegon is also home to Muskegon Museum of Art and West Shore Symphony Orchestra. The Muskegon Community Concert Association provides concerts from September through May.Muskegon County Museum and Hackley & Hume Historic Site: Mansions built by Muskegon's lumber barons themselves are restored to their old glory and open to the public. The mansions are operated with the Muskegon County Museum, which details the grand, rich history of Muskegon County, from the Pottawatomi and Ottawa Native American tribes and lakeside fur traders to the Lumber Queen of the World to today. Also includes science and nature exhibits.The Muskegon Museum of Art deservedly is touted as one of the finest art museums in the Midwest. Among the highlights of its permanent collection is Tornado Over Kansas, by John Steuart Curry (one of three leading painters, along with Grant Wood and Thomas Hart Benton, identified as Regionalists and known for their canvases celebrating the rural Midwest.)Muskegon is also the home of the Great Lakes Naval Memorial and Museum, which features the USS Silversides, a World War II submarine; the USS LST-393, a World War II amphibious landing ship; and the USCGC McLane, a Prohibition-era United States Coast Guard cutter.In addition, Muskegon also berths the S.S. Milwaukee Clipper a former car ferry that traveled the same route as Lake Express does today. The boat is in the middle of a long process of being restored to its original form, but in the mean time is open for tours and hosts a museum aboard the vessel with information on both the Milwaukee Clipper, as well as the history of Maritime in Muskegon. Muskegon's entire history surrounds around being a port for commerce or travel, and this is an image the city has embraced.Carr-Fles Planetarium, Muskegon
The Muskegon Area Sports Hall of Fame exhibits, detailing the area's rich athletic past, are on display at the L.C. Walker Arena.Camerata Singers, a professional chamber choir, performs at St. Paul's Episcopal Church in downtown Muskegon and other locations in west Michigan.The Harbor Theater in the lakeside neighborhood is a non profit community theater that shows new Independent, foreign, and classic films. They also host guest speakers presenting films.
Outdoor recreation
Muskegon State Park and Winter Sports Complex with all season Luge run.P.J. Hoffmaster State ParkPere Marquette Beach The largest free public beach on the eastern shore of Lake Michigan. Windsurfing, Kite boarding competitions, and professional volleyball tournaments are held here. It's quartz sand beach is a Clean Beaches Counsel certified beach.Muskegon Lake is a 1st. class Walleye fishery and has many other freshwater species including the Lake Perch. Lake Michigan off Muskegon host large numbers of Coho and Chinook Salmon, Steelhead, and Brown trout, Lake Perch and many other game fish.Sailing and recreational boating are major summer pastimes with many services and marinas in the area for boats of all sizes.Muskegon Lakeshore Bike Trail—Bike along the shores of Muskegon Lake to Lake Michigan. There are two trails that consist the Muskegon Bike paths, one runs along the east side of Muskegon and the other along the North side.Michigan's Adventure, the largest amusement park in the state, is located in Muskegon County, a few miles north of the city of Muskegon. Michigan's Adventure features a midway with roller coasters, general rides, amusements, and a full water park.
Sports
Muskegon has a long history of involvement in professional and nonprofessional sports.Previous sports teams to play in Muskegon have included:The Chronicle Seaway Run is run every year in late June. It features a 15k race, 5k race, 5k walk for fun, 15k wheelchair race.
Media
Muskegon's leading newspaper is TheMuskegon Chronicle.The Chronicleis a daily newspaper in Muskegon, Michigan owned byBooth Newspapers. It started publication in 1857.
Muskegon is served by several local television channels:WMKG-LP38 is a low-powered television station serving the area. This station features a homey mix of programming such as television bingo andDial-A-Bargain. TheDial-A-Bargainshow includes a host reading menus from various local eateries. Viewers may then call in and purchase certificates for that particular establishment at 50% off the regular price.
DSETV-97is the locally run Government Access Channel Based out of City Hall Privately ran by Digital Spectrum Enterprises on Comcast Cable Channel 97. It features Live televised City Hall meetings as well as a long list of locally made television shows showcasing Muskegon. It also is home to Local Sporting events.
MCCTV-98is Muskegon Community College's television outlet on Comcast Cable Channel 98.
WWMT-TV3 (CBS and CW),WOOD-TV8 (NBC),WZZM-TV13 (ABC),WXMI-TV17 (FOX),WOMS-TV29 (MNTV),WGVU-TV35 (PBS),WOTV(ABC),WZPX(ION), andWTLJ-TV54 (TBN). Green Bay, Milwaukee, and Chicago affiliates are also common in the warmer months.
Comcastholds the local cable franchise.
The Muskegon area is also served by several radio stations.WUVS-LP103.7 is a popular urban (hip-hop/R&B) and gospel station with local programming as well as Sunday religious programming and local-based talk. Another local low-powered FM station isWMMT-LP106.1, owned by the Muskegon Training and Education Center, which airs anUrban Oldiesformat dubbed 'M-TEC 106 FM, Rock 'n' Soul.'
Local radio talk shows include the Ramona Show onWKBZ1090. On this show the host interviews local small business people. A once-a-week, Friday afternoon show on the same station is called 'Talking Muskegon'. 'Talking Muskegon' is hosted by local celebrity Jon Van Wyke. It features homey conversations about area nightlife, his work life and volunteer activities he is involved with around town. In addition, he talks about conditions backstage at Summer Celebration, his sailboat and the state of the professional hockey team the Muskegon Fury. Usually the show is co-hosted with two of his friends. T
Other local FM stations include 90.3WBLV-FM (classical/jazz/NPR), 91.7WMCQ-FM (religious),WLAW-FM 92.5 ('outlaw' country),WGVS-FM95.3 (public radio),WEFG-FM 97.5 (sports),WLCS-FM 98.3 (oldies),WVIB-FM 100.1 (urban contemporary),WMRR-FM 101.7 (classic rock),WSNX-FM 104.5 (top 40, studios in Grand Rapids),WMUS-FM 106.9 (country), andWSHZ-FM 107.9 (adult contemporary). Other local AM stations aside from WKBZ includeWGVS850 (NPR),WKLQ1490 (sports), andWMHG-AM 1600 (adult standards). Other area stations can be received from Grand Haven (WGHN-FM 92.1, adult contemporary), Grand Rapids (WGRD-FM 97.9), Ludington, Holland, Zeeland (WJQK-FM 99.3, Christian pop), and Milwaukee.
Clear Channel Communicationsis the major radio-station owner in Muskegon, owning WKBZ-AM, WSHZ-FM, WMUS-FM, WMRR-FM and WMHG-AM, as well as WSNX (although WSNX is considered primarily a Grand Rapids station despite being licensed to Muskegon).Citadel Broadcastingowns WODJ-AM, WLAW-FM, WEFG-FM, WLCS-FM and WVIB-FM.
Transportation
Public transportation is provided by the Muskegon Area Transit System (MATS - 'The Shore Line'), which operates nine bus routes, three trolley routes, and a paratransit systemMATS operates the Muskegon Trolley Company. Three routes cover north side, south side, and downtown; each trolley stops at 11 locations, including Hackley and Hume Historic Site, USS Silversides, Muskegon State Park. (Memorial Day-Labor Day, daily; no trips during special events).Commercial air service is provided by United Airlines at Muskegon County Airport (MKG). Other airlines service the Gerald R. Ford International Airport (GRR) in Grand Rapids.Muskegon is the Eastern port of the Lake Express High Speed Car Ferry that crosses Lake Michigan to Milwaukee, Wisconsin offering three roundtrips a day in the Summer, and two roundtrips in the Fall. There are many bike paths starting to be built around the area.Several major highways serve the city, including:
Sister cities
Omuta,Japan
Hartlepool,England,UK
Antalya,Turkey
Noteworthy
Joseph Beyrle, only soldier to have served in both theUS Armyand theSoviet ArmyinWorld War IIJohn Beyrle, son of Joseph Beyrle, appointed as United States Ambassador to the Russian Federation on May 13, 2008, confirmed July 3, 2008.
David Leestma, astronaut
CaptainJonathan Walker, 'The Man With Branded Hand',abolitionist
Nancy Anne Fleming,Miss America1961
Vonda Kay Van Dyke, Miss America 1965
Harry Morgan, Actor in popular M*A*S*H television series.
Frank Stanton, past president of CBS
Mark Grimmette, American luger
Earl Morrall, former NFL quarterback
Edmund Szoka, Roman Catholic Cardinal and former President of the Governorate of Vatican City State
Richard Versalle, opera singer
Gwenneth Bean, opera singer
Iggy Pop, punk singer
Carly Jibson, broadway (Hairspray)
Business and politics
Charles Hackley(1837–1905),lumber baron,philanthropist(Hackley Hospital, Hackley Library, Hackley Adminsration Building, Hackley Avenue, Hackley Art Gallery, Hackley Park)After a gift of $12,000,000 to the community, the city of Muskegon considered changing its name to 'Hackleyville'
Richard Mell, Politician
Louis Carlisle Walker, industrialist, current namesake ofL.C. Walker Arena
Religion
Edmund Cardinal Szoka,Cardinal,President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
Jim Bakker, TV Evangelist
Science and technology
W. Wesley Peterson, mathematician and computer scientist, best known for inventing theCyclic Redundancy Check(CRC)
Artists
Haddon Sundblom, Graphic Arts Designer best known for his images of Santa Claus for Coca-Cola.
Authors
Laurie Keller, children's book writer and illustrator best known forThe Scrambled States of AmericaandGrandpa Gazillion's Number Yard
Douglas Malloch, poet, author ofMichigan, My Michigan
John Frederick Nims, poet
Lewis B. Smedes, Theologian and Author
Verna Aardema Vugteveen, Children's author, winner of theCaldecott Medalin 1976.
Bob Wood, author ofDodger Dogs to Fenway FranksandBig Ten Country.
Music
Steve Gorman, drummer, Black Crowes, born in Muskegon.
Rick Johnson, musician, bass player forMustard Plug
Bettye LaVette,soulsinger
Iggy Pop,punk rockicon
Wayne Static, lead singer and guitarist forindustrial metalband,Static-X.
Bill Szymczyk, musical producer of theEagles,The Whoand others.
Gerry Teifer,music publisher,songwriter, performer
Clarence Zylman, the originalBoogie Woogie Bugle Boy
Stage
Buster Keaton, comedian and film director; born in Kansas but spent the summers of his childhood in Muskegon with his family as a member of theMuskegon Actors' Colony. As a vaudevillian who traveled constantly in non-summer months, Keaton always regarded Muskegon as his home town.
Harry Morgan, actor
Kate Reinders, Broadway actress known for playing the role ofGlindainWickedand Caroline inGood Vibrations
Television
Harry Morgan, versatile stage, film and TV actor best remembered as Colonel Potter on the TV seriesM*A*S*H(1972–1983)
J.D. Ryznar, actor/musician, cast member ofAcceptable TVshowing on VH1
Frank Stanton, Former President of CBS
Sports
Nate McLouth-MLBplayer for theAtlanta Braves
Robert Morse-NFLplayer for theNew Orleans Saints
Justin Abdelkader-NHLice hockey playerDetroit Red Wings
Paul Dekker, Professional football player in the NFL and CFL
Mark Grimmette, Men's double luge, winner ofOlympicsilver (2002) and bronze (1998) medals
Bobby Grich,MLBAll-star second baseman for theBaltimore OriolesandCalifornia Angels
Ruvell Martin, NFL player for theGreen Bay Packers
Earl Morrall, FormerAmerican footballplayer and three-timeSuper Bowlwinner
Don Nelson, NBA Basketball Coach
Sherman Poppen, inventor of theSnurfer(aka the first snowboard)
Bennie Oosterbaan, Three-TimeUniversity of MichiganAll-American football player and head coach
Bob Zuppke,University of IllinoisFootball coach
Ronald Johnson,University of Southern CaliforniaWide Receiver
Terrence Taylor,Detroit LionsDefensive Tackle
Mark Hughes, Former NCAA basketball player and professional basketball coach
Curtis Adams, FormerSan Diego ChargersRunning Back