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Endicott, New York Endicott is a village in Broome County, New York, United States. The population was 13,038 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Binghamton Metropolitan Statistical Area. The village is named after Henry B. Endicott, a founding member of the Endicott Johnson Corporation shoe manufacturing company, who founded the community as the ''Home of the Square Deal''.The Village of Endicott is in the Town of Union and is west of Binghamton, New York. The town is served by the Greater Binghamton Airport/Edwin A Link Field. It is part of the 'Triple Cities', along with Binghamton and Johnson City. History The village of Endicott was originally made up of two distinct villages: 'Union Village' (now the historic business district at the intersections of NYS Route 26 and NYS Route 17C), incorporated in 1892, and Endicott (whose center was along Washington Ave. and North St.), which was incorporated in 1906. Endicott and Union were merged into a single village in 1921, as the two villages had grown so much that there was no distinction between them.The Endicott Johnson Corporation (EJ) grew out of the Lester Brothers Boot and Shoe Company which began in Binghamton in 1854. In 1890, the Lester Brothers moved their business west to a nearby rural area, which in 1892 was incorporated as the Village of Lestershire and in 1916 became Johnson City. Financial problems in 1890 forced the sale of the company to a creditor and fellow shoemaker, Brahmin Henry Bradford Endicott of Massachusetts, who founded the Endicott Shoe Company and in 1899 made factory foreman George F. Johnson his partner. The village of Endicott is named after Henry B. Endicott. Endicott grew and flourished due to massive numbers of immigrants who came to the area to work for EJ.Endicott is best known as the 'Birthplace of IBM'. The Computing Tabulating Recording Corporation (CTRC), International Time Recording Company (ITR) and Bundy Time Recording all merged and were incorporated as the newly established International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) in 1924. The original Bundy building was erected on North Street in 1906 and stands to this day. Many of the IBM factory buildings, including Factory #1 and the IBM Schoolhouse, still stand to this day. Endicott was the original location of all research and development from the early 1900s through World War II.IBM was the leading company in electromechanical data processing ('punch cards') during the 1930s and had contracts with a number of government agencies. The outbreak of World War II and the subsequent mobilization of the economy resulted in a demand for more data processing work from IBM. IBM's expertise in data processing was important to the development of electronic machines that could break military codes, a top priority at the time. These machines were the first computers.While IBM did not invent the electronic computer, their engineers and workers in Endicott were the first to provide reliable and cost-effective computers to government agencies, banks, and large corporations. This first 'information revolution' transformed the American and world economies, and made IBM one of the world's most successful corporations of the second half of the 20th century.As IBM became a global corporation after the Second World War, corporate headquarters moved to suburban New York City and new research and manufacturing sites were established throughout the United States and overseas. In 2002, IBM sold the aging Endicott manufacturing site to local investors. IBM now leases several buildings in the complex.There are six properties or districts in Endicott that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. These include two carousels. For more information, see National Register of Historic Places listings in Broome County, New York.The Triple Cities College, a branch of Syracuse University, was started in Endicott in 1946, using buildings donated by IBM and Endicott Johnson. The college became Harpur College once it was adopted into the SUNY system, and moved to its present location in Vestal, where it is now known as Binghamton University (BU). BU has seen rapid expansion from 2000 onward and now has a secondary campus in downtown Binghamton. While originally associated with BU, the Cider Mill Playhouse now serves as an independent community theatre in Endicott.The county-run EnJoie Golf Course in Endicott was home of the PGA Tour's B.C. Open. Originally held annually in September, the tournament attracted golf's biggest names, from Arnold Palmer to Tiger Woods. In 2000 the tournament was moved to June, where it competed against the British Open, and suffered because. The tournament ended its 30+ year run on the PGA in July 2006. In July 2007, Endicott hosted the first Dick's Sporting Goods Open a Champions Tour stop. Geography The village is on the north side of the Susquehanna River and the Southern Tier Expressway (NYS Route 17).Endicott is located at 42°6′11″N 76°3′17″W / 42.10306°N 76.05472°W / 42.10306; -76.05472 (42.103074, -76.054687).According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 3.1 square miles (8.1 km²), all land. Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 13,038 people, 5,996 households, and 3,015 families residing in the village. The population density was 4,156.1 people per square mile (1,603.2/km²). There were 6,686 housing units at an average density of 2,131.3/sq mi (822.1/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 91.65% White, 3.75% African American, 0.25% Native American, 1.96% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 0.67% from other races, and 1.66% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.67% of the population.There were 5,996 households, out of which 24.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 32.4% were married couples living together, 13.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 49.7% were non-families. 41.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.09 and the average family size was 2.88.In the village the population was spread out with 21.8% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 30.6% from 25 to 44, 19.3% from 45 to 64, and 18.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 89.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.4 males.The median income for a household in the village was $26,032, and the median income for a family was $35,858. Males had a median income of $27,780 versus $21,320 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,274. About 15.4% of families and 18.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.0% of those under age 18 and 10.7% of those age 65 or over. Pollution For much of its history, IBM dumped tons of industrial solvents, used to clean computer parts, down drains. The solvents also leached from leaky pipes into the ground for years before environmental rules required that such 'spills' be reported.In 2002, scientists discovered a large underground chemical plume, which was releasing toxic gases into homes and offices in a 350-acre (1.4 km2) swath south of the plant. The main chemical was a liquid cleaning agent called trichloroethylene (TCE), that has been linked to cancer and other illnesses.Following an initial feasibility assessment, in 2008 the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) began a health study of former IBM Endicott employees to determine if they are more likely to develop certain types of cancer than the general public. NIOSH estimated the cost of the study at $3.1 million. The scope of the study was later expanded to include kidney failure among the employees and birth defects among their children. The results of the study will not be available until at least 2012. People from Endicott Eric Appel, TV comedy writer Anthony George, TV soap opera actor Johnny Hart,cartoonist(B.C.,The Wizard of Id) Thomas Hopko,Eastern Orthodoxtheologian Douglas Hurley,NASAastronaut Jim Johnson,baseballplayer Jon Jones, Professional Mixed Martial Arts fighter. Arthur Jones,National Football Leaguedefensive line Isaiah Kacyvenski,professional footballlinebacker Ron Luciano,baseball umpire Johnny Logan,baseballplayer, four-timeAll-Star Camille Paglia, author and social critic Chris RileyU.S. soccer midfielder AmericanUSL Second Division Amy Sedaris, comedian David Sedaris, author Rod Serling, creator ofThe Twilight Zone Craig Vincent, Actor and Producer Gary Wilson, musician and performance artist