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Garden City, New York Garden City is a village in the Town of Hempstead in central Nassau County, New York, in the United States. It was founded by multi-millionaire Alexander Turney Stewart in 1869, and is located on Long Island, to the east of New York City, 18.5 miles (29.8 km) from mid-town Manhattan, and just south of the Town of North Hempstead. A very small section of the village is in the Town of North Hempstead.As of the 2000 census, the population of the incorporated village was 21,672. The village is an upper class, predominantly white, Roman Catholic and Protestant community. Many families can trace their heritage to Italian and Irish immigrants who moved to Long Island from New York City.The Garden City name is also applied to unincorporated areas in the region such as Garden City South, Garden City Park and East Garden City. Roosevelt Field, the current shopping center and former airfield from which Charles Lindbergh took off on his landmark 1927 flight, is located in East Garden City. Garden City has been dubbed as 'The Bubble' by residents, because of its differences with surrounding areas, such as a lack of crime and a predominantly white makeup. History In 1869, the Irish-born, Scottish millionaire Alexander Turney Stewart bought a portion of the lightly populated Hempstead Plains, and founded the village of Garden City. The village was created as an upscale community for those seeking respite from New York City. The main attraction of the community was the Garden City Hotel, designed by the acclaimed firm of McKim, Mead, and White. Although the original structure as well as the one that replaced it at the end of the 19th century were torn down many years ago, a hotel still stands on the original grounds, as do many nearby Victorian homes.Stewart's wife, Cornelia, founded the St. Paul's School for boys, St. Mary's School for girls, a Bishop’s Residence and the Gothic Cathedral of the Incarnation, which is today the center of the Episcopal Diocese of Long Island, as well as the final resting place of Alexander Turney Stewart and Cornelia Stewart. This elaborate memorial was completed in 1885. Mrs. Stewart died the following year. As of 2008, The Cathedral of the Incarnation is undergoing a multi-million-dollar renovation, which is scheduled for completion by 2012.Voters selected Mineola (in the Town of North Hempstead) to be the county seat for the new county of Nassau in November 1898 (before Mineola incorporated as a village in 1906 and set its boundaries), winning out over Hicksville and Hempstead. The Garden City Company (founded in 1893 by the heirs of Alexander Turney Stewart) donated four acres of land for the county buildings just south of the Mineola train station and the present day Village of Mineola, in the Town of Hempstead. The land and the buildings have a Mineola postal address, but are within the present day Village of Garden City, which did not incorporate, nor set its boundaries, until 1919. The early village did well due to its proximity to Hempstead, at that time the commercial center of Long Island. In time, thanks both to the railroad and automobiles, Garden City’s population increased.In 1910, Doubleday, Page, and Co., one of the most world's important publishers, moved its operations to Garden City, with its own train station. The Doubleday company purchased much of the land on the west site of Franklin Avenue, and estate homes were built for many of its executives on Fourth Street. In 1916, company co-founder, and Garden City resident, Walter Hines Page was named Ambassador to Great Britain.In 1915, the village of Garden City merged with the village of Garden City Estates to its west. It became an incorporated village in 1919. Garden City’s growth promoted the development of many nearby towns, including Stewart Manor, Garden City Park, Garden City South and East Garden City.In the 1920s, the community continued to grow, with houses built in Garden City Estates as well as the Eastern Section of Garden City. This development included the Mott Section, developed by the heirs to the Mott’s apple juice fortune, which was spurred by easy access to the now defunct Long Island Motor Parkway, as well as the establishment of the Doubleday publishing group’s corporate headquarters. Doubleday's headquarters, known as Country Life Press, remained in Garden City until Bertelsmann took over the firm in the mid-1980s. The plant closed in 1988 and has since been converted to offices for Bookspan, a media firm partly owned by Doubleday.Housing construction slowed after the 1929 stock market crash. But in the 1930s, hundreds of houses were built to accommodate a population boom, though Garden City used a strict zoning code to preserve Stewart’s vision. Alone in central Nassau, the village retained a sense of orderly development, true to its rigorously planned roots. Mitchel Air Force Base, located on the far east side of Garden City, served as a United States Air Force Base from 1918 through 1961. As of 2008, the U.S. military still retains a limited physical presence there, with the rest of the base occupied by housing, Hofstra University, Nassau Community College, the Long Island Children’s Museum, the Nassau County Firefighters Museum and Education Center, a Sony IMAX theater and the Cradle of Aviation Museum.After World War II, following a trend of urban flight[clarification needed], Garden City continued to grow. Post War construction filled out the present borders of Garden City with many split and ranch style homes, with construction occurring in the far eastern, northern and western sections of the town. The Waldorf School of Garden City was founded in 1947 (one of the first Waldorf Schools in the United States), originally as a part of Adelphi University. The village's public high school was also constructed during this time.In the 1970s, the old Garden City Hotel declared bankruptcy, and subsequently closed. The hotel was later demolished, and Garden City lost one of its grandest and most historical landmarks. A new Garden City Hotel was constructed on the previous site of the old Garden City Hotel. In 1978, 50 of the original structures collectively known as the A. T. Stewart Era Buildings were designated a national historic district and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.In 1989, the St. Paul's School also closed and in 1993 was purchased by the Village of Garden City. Recently, the Village voted to designate St. Paul's and its property as 'park land.' Although still a controversial topic in Village politics. St. Mary's School, the sister school of St. Paul's was demolished in 2002. Since then, six large single family houses have been built on the property.In the late 1990s and early 2000s, the village's downtown areas (New Hyde Park Road, Seventh Street and Franklin Avenue) benefited from a renewal campaign and new construction. Bloomingdale's has moved from Franklin Avenue to the Roosevelt Field Mall. Lord and Taylor has a large freestanding location that opened in 1956 on Franklin Avenue, which is still there today. Sears now occupies the building that was once home to Bloomingdale's. Several luxury restaurants have also opened in recent years along this avenue. In aviation history In 1927, Charles Lindbergh departed on his famous solo transatlantic flight from Roosevelt Field in East Garden City. Today, Roosevelt Field is one of the largest shopping malls in the world. Geography Garden City is located at 40°43′37″N 73°38′59″W / 40.72694°N 73.64972°W / 40.72694; -73.64972 (40.726885, -73.649720), in central Nassau County, New York.According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 13.8 km² (5.3 sq mi), all land. The village lost some territory between the 1990 census and the 2000 census. Demographics As of the census of 2006, there were 21,811 people. The population density was 1,567.0/km² (4,059.5/sq mi). There were 7,555 housing units at an average density of 546.3/km² (1,415.2/sq mi). The racial makeup of the village was 94.2% White, 1.2% African American, 0.1% Native American, 3.30% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.4% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.8% of the population.There were 7,386 households out of which 36.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.8% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.7% were non-families. 19.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.27.In the village the population was spread out with 26.5% under the age of 18, 4.7% from 20 to 24, 7.2% from 25 to 34, 42.6% over 45, 21.6% over 60 and 1.9% who were over the age of 85. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 90.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.1 males.According to a 2007 estimate, the median income for a household in the village was $142,788, and the median income for a family was $164,486. The per capita income for the village was $53,196. The average earnings for a full time year round male is $93,144 and for a full time year around female the average earning is $49,954. About 104 families and 476 individuals were below the poverty line, including 2.3% of those under age 18 and 2.6% of those age 65 or over. Transportation There are five Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) train stations in the village. The stops on the LIRR Hempstead line are Stewart Manor, Nassau Boulevard, Garden City and Country Life Press. There are additional stops on the LIRR Port Jefferson Branch at Merillon Avenue and just over the Garden City border at New Hyde Park and Mineola. Travel time to Manhattan ranges from 30 to 54 minutes, depending on the branch used. Education Garden City is served by its own school district. There are seven schools in the Garden City School District: three primary schools (Hemlock School, Homestead School and Locust School), two elementary schools (Stewart School and Stratford School), the Garden City Middle School (grades 6-8), and finally, the Garden City High School (grades 9-12). The primary schools function as a single unit, with three campuses spread across the village. Private schools in Garden City One independent school, the Waldorf School of Garden City (grades pre K-12), and two Roman Catholic elementary schools (K-8), St. Joseph School and St. Anne's School, are located in Garden City. The former St. Paul's School and St. Mary's School are now defunct. Higher education In 1929 Adelphi College, which later became a university, moved from Brooklyn to its present 76-acre (310,000 m2) campus in Garden City, becoming the first four-year college in Nassau or Suffolk counties. Notable landmarks Cathedral of the Incarnation St. Paul's School Adelphi University Apostle Houses Current and former residents Jason Blake, NHL All-Star Steven Chu, Secretary of Energy, Nobel Prize winner Dave Debusschere, NBA Hall of Famer Matt Daley, Colorado Rockies Pitcher Nelson DeMille, Author Kent Desormeaux, Jockey John Gibson, Journalist Kemp Hannon, New York State Senator Joe Iconis, Musical Theater Writer Greg Kelly, Television Anchor Harvey J. Levin, pioneer of communications economics, holder of Long Island's first research chair, Hofstra University Susan Lucci, Actress Eric Mangini, New York Jets Coach Curtis Martin, New York Jet Danny Masterson, Actor Christopher Masterson, Actor Kevin Mawae, NFL Pro Bowl Center Richard Migliore, Horse Jockey Joe Mohen, internet entrepreneur Bill Moyers, journalist Elliott Murphy, singer-songwriter Joe Namath, New York Jet, Pro Football Hall of Famer Walter Hines PageUnited States Ambassador to England during World War I, and co-founder of Doubleday, Page and Co. publishing Zigmund Palffy, 4-time NHL All-Star Mark Parrish, NHL All-Star Ethan PhillipsTelevision Actor,Star Trek Voyager Denis Potvin, NHL All-Star Telly Savalas, Actor Leslie Segrete,Trading Spacescarpenter, designer Lara SpencerTV host Mark StreitNHL All-Star Johnny Sylvester(1915–1990), received as a seriously-ill child a promise fromBabe Ruththat he would hit a home run in the1926 World Serieson his behalf. John Tesh, Musician, news anchor Jack Daut, Athlete, collegiate lacrosse player, winner of 1957Jack Turnbull Award Paul Zaloom, Actor and puppeteer best known asBeakmanonBeakman's World.