Passaic, New Jersey
Passaic (pronounced /pəˈseɪ.ɨk/ pə-SAY-ik, or locally pronounced /pəˈseɪk/ pə-SAYK) is a city in Passaic County, New Jersey, United States. As of the United States 2000 Census, the city had a total population of 67,861. Located north of Newark on the Passaic River, it was first settled in 1678 by Dutch traders, as Acquackanonk Township. The city and river draw their name from the Lenape word 'pahsayèk' meaning 'valley'.
History
The city originated from a Dutch settlement on the Passaic River established in 1679 which was called Acquackanonk. Industrial growth began in the 19th century, as Passaic became a textile and metalworking center. Passaic was formed within Acquackanonk Township on March 10, 1869, and was incorporated as an independent village on March 21, 1871. Passaic was chartered as a city on April 2, 1873.A famous strike in 1926 against reductions in wages involved the right of free assembly.[citation needed]Passaic has been called 'The Birthplace of Television'. In 1931, experimental television station W2XCD began transmitting from DeForest Radio Corp. in Passaic. It has been called the first television station to transmit to the home, and was the first such station to broadcast a feature film. Allen B. DuMont, formerly DeForest's chief engineer, opened pioneering TV manufacturer DuMont Laboratories in Passaic in 1937. DuMont later started the DuMont Television Network, the world's first commercial television network, in 1946. The Okonite company began manufacturing electrical cable here in 1888.In 1992, the voters of Passaic Township in Morris County voted to change their town's name to Long Hill Township, New Jersey, to avoid confusion with the City of Passaic. Passaic is served by two newspapers The Record and The Star-Ledger.
Geography
Passaic is located at 40°51′27″N 74°7′44″W / 40.8575°N 74.12889°W / 40.8575; -74.12889.According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.2 square miles (8.3 km²), of which, 3.1 square miles (8.1 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.3 km²) of it (3.12%) is water. Passaic is bordered on the north, west and south by the City of Clifton, and to the east by the Passaic River.Passaic is located 10 miles from New York City, and 12 miles from Newark Airport.
The city
Passaic has several business districts: Main Avenue begins in Passaic Park and follows the curve of the river to downtown. Broadway runs east - west through the center of the city, ending at Main Avenue in downtown. Monroe Street has many shops, restaurants and businesses reflecting the city's Latino and Eastern European populations.The city is home to several architecturally notable churches, including St. John's Lutheran Church, First Presbyterian of Passaic, and St. John's Episcopal Church.
Passaic Park
Southwest Passaic (known as Passaic Park) is a residential and institutional center of Orthodox Judaism, with 25-30 minyanim on Shabbos, and 1,300 families, as well as being home to numerous yeshivas, schools and other institutions. There are also kosher food and shopping establishments.Passaic Park takes its name from Third Ward Park. This area is also noted for its large mansions and homes of various architectural styles, especially Victorian and Tudor. Several condominium and cooperative apartment complexes are also located here including: Carlton Tower (the city's tallest structure), The Towers, and Barry Gardens (which are all located within walking distance of each other on a stretch of Passaic Avenue between Aycrigg Avenue and Barry Place).
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 67,861 people, 19,458 households, and 14,457 families residing in the city of Passaic, New Jersey. The population density was 21,804.7 people per square mile (8,424.8/km²). There were 20,194 housing units at an average density of 6,488.6/sq mi (2,507.1/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 35.43% White, 13.83% African American, 0.78% Native American, 5.51% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 39.36% from other races, and 5.04% from two or more races. The cultural groupings for Hispanic or Latino of any race were 62.46% of the population. Passaic is also known for its Ukrainian enclave.[citation needed]. 60.2% spoke Spanish, 29.3% English, 2.5% Gujarati and 2.5% Polish as their first language. Among the speakers of Polish in Passaic are many Gorals. Passaic also has both a sizable Orthodox Jewish community and a growing Mexican community of over 13,000 that in 2000 made up 19.67% of the population. In the first half of the twentieth century there was a sizable Italian-American population, but today this is less so.There were 19,458 households out of which 42.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.7% were married couples living together, 21.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.7% were non-families. 8.2% of Passaic households were same-sex partner households. 20.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.46 and the average family size was 3.93. In the city the population was spread out with 30.8% under the age of 18, 12.5% from 18 to 24, 31.6% from 25 to 44, 16.9% from 45 to 64, and 8.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females there were 99.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.4 males.The median income for a household in the city was $33,594, and the median income for a family was $34,935. Males had a median income of $24,568 versus $21,352 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,874. About 18.4% of families and 21.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.6% of those under age 18 and 16.0% of those age 65 or over.
Local government
The city of Passaic is governed under the Mayor-Council system of municipal government under the Faulkner Act. Under this form of government, the mayor is elected directly by the voters for a four-year term. Seven council Members serve four year terms on a staggered basis.The Mayor of Passaic is Alex Blanco, who won a special election in November 2008 to succeed acting mayor Gary Schaer, who, as City Council president automatically moved into this position upon the resignation by previous mayor Samuel Rivera, after Rivera pled guilty to corruption charges filed against him. Blanco was elected to serve the remainder of Rivera's term, and was re-elected to a full term on May 12, 2009, with 4,751 votes (53.2% of votes cast), defeating Passaic Board of Education member Vinny Capuana who received 4,177 (46.8%). Passaic's Deputy Mayor is Robert C. Hare.As of 2009[update], members of the City Council are Gary Schaer (Council President), Maritza Colón-Montañez, Gerardo Fernandez, Jose Garcia, Kenneth J. Lucianin, Chaim M. Munk and Daniel J. Schwartz. The seat previously held by Marcellus Jackson was won by Kenneth J. Lucianin after a special election to fill that seat. Jackson and former councilman Jonathan Soto were also arrested on September 6, 2007 as part of the same sweep as Mayor Rivera. Before his resignation, Mayor Rivera attempted to hand-pick a replacement for Jackson, relying on is tie-breaker vote in a split council. The three council members who disagreed with Rivera's selection were able to postpone this selection by not attending the vote for the replacement, depriving Rivera of the minimum quota to produce the deadlock vote. On September 25, 2009, former Councilman Gerardo Fernandez having been found guilty of lying to the federal grand jury reviewing evidence of the latest corruption wave was sentenced to 18 months in prison and cannot hold public office for two years.In addition to his role as council president, Schaer also holds a seat in the New Jersey General Assembly. This dual position, often called double dipping, is allowed under a grandfather clause in the state law enacted by the New Jersey Legislature and signed into law by Governor of New Jersey Jon Corzine in September 2007 that prevents dual-office-holding but allows those who had held both positions as of February 1, 2008, to retain both posts.For the past twenty years waves of corruption have plagued the city which has seen the federal convictions of two mayors, seven councilman and other public officials. Despite the many previously identified events of abuse of public trust the city continues. Recent activities include the hiring of a new business administrator, Tony Ianoco, after he had been found using his official status to 'solicit donations' while working for Paramus borough.
Federal, state and county representation
Passaic is in the Eighth Congressional District is part of New Jersey's 36th Legislative District.New Jersey's Eighth Congressional District is represented by Bill Pascrell (D, Paterson). New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Frank Lautenberg (D, Cliffside Park) and Bob Menendez (D, Hoboken).36th District of the New Jersey Legislature, which is represented in the New Jersey Senate by Paul Sarlo (D, Wood-Ridge) and in the New Jersey General Assembly by Frederick Scalera (D, Nutley) and Gary Schaer (D, Passaic). The Governor of New Jersey is Chris Christie (R, Mendham). The Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey is Kim Guadagno (R, Monmouth Beach).Passaic County is governed by a seven-member Board of Chosen Freeholders, who are elected to staggered three-year terms on an at-large basis, with two or three seats coming up for election each year. As of January 2010[update], Passaic County's Freeholders (and the year their term ends) are Freeholder Director Bruce James (2012, D-Clifton), Freeholder Deputy Director Pat Lepore (2011, D-Woodland Park), Deborah E. Ciambrone (2013, R-Wayne), Terry Duffy (2011, D-West Milford), Greyson P. Hannigan (2012, D-Paterson), Michael Marrotta (2013, R-Wayne), Edward O'Connell (2013, R-Wanaque).
Education
The Passaic City School District is a type II school district, and is an independent legal entity administered by a nine-member Board of Education elected by the voters of the school district. The Superintendent of Schools is Dr. Robert H. Holster. The school district is not a part of any regional or consolidated school district, and neither receives nor sends students, except for a limited number of special education students. The school system comprises 2 early childhood centers, 12 elementary schools (grades K-6), 1 middle school (grades 7-8), and Passaic High School for grades 9-12. The district is one of 31 Abbott Districts statewide.The Collegiate School is a private coeducational day school located in Passaic, serving students in prekindergarten through twelfth grade.Passaic County Community College opened a new campus in the city of Passaic on September 11, 2008. Construction commenced on the new site in Spring 2007 at 2 Paulison Avenue. The new campus will allow PCCC to reach the 15% of its students who come from the city of Passaic. The college's nursing program will be relocated and expanded at the new campus to provide a qualified program to help fill the longstanding nursing shortage.The Yeshiva Gedolah of Passaic, an advanced yeshiva, is an institute of Jewish learning for post-high school age men. Passaic has two Mesivtas, Mesivta Tiferes Rav Tzvi Aryeh Zemel Zal, and Mesivta Zichron Baruch . Passaic also has a number of orthodox educational institutions for primary education as well as other advanced seminaries and kollels for advanced and married students.
Fire
The Passaic Fire Department (PFD) is a paid fire department. The PFD was organized in November 1869 and became a paid department in 1909 which now consists of 109 firefighters. There are two fire houses that contain seven Engines and three Ladder trucks.
Commerce
Portions of Passaic are part of an Urban Enterprise Zone. In addition to other benefits to encourage employment within the Zone, shoppers can take advantage of a reduced 3½% sales tax rate (versus the 7% rate charged statewide). Since 1994, the Hercules Chemical Company has been located in Passaic.
Transportation
Passaic is served by state roadways including Route 3 and Route 21. The Garden State Parkway and Interstate 80 are nearby.Local bus transportation is provided by New Jersey Transit, with service to Paterson, Rutherford, Newark, Clifton, Garfield, and Wallington among other locations.New Jersey Transit bus 190 provides local service and interstate service to Port Authority Bus Terminal in New York City.The Passaic New Jersey Transit rail station is located in the Passaic Park section, providing service on the Main Line southbound to Hoboken Terminal, and to Secaucus Junction for New Jersey Transit connections to Pennsylvania Station in Midtown Manhattan, Newark Airport and points north and south. Northbound service is provided to Paterson, Ridgewood and New York stations in Suffern and Port Jervis.Passaic formerly had four train stations (Passaic Park, Prospect Street, Passaic and Harrison Street) on the Erie Railroad main line. In 1963, these stations were abandoned and the main line was moved to the Boonton Branch.Commuter jitney buses operate along Main Avenue providing service to Paterson, Union City, the George Washington Bridge Bus Terminal in New York City, and points between. This service does not operate on an official schedule.
Communications
Passaic uses telephone area code 973.
Notable residents
Mitch Albom(born 1958), author ofThe Five People You Meet in Heaven.
Suzanne Berger(born 1939), political scientist.
Terrence Boyle(born 1945), judge on theUnited States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina.
George Breeman(1880–1937), sailor andMedal of Honorrecipient.
Bob Butterworth(born 1942), formerFlorida Attorney General.
Arthur K. Cebrowski(1942–2005),United States Navyadmiraland seniorU.S. Department of Defenseofficial.
Alan N. Cohen(1930–2004), former co-owner of theBoston Celticsand theNew Jersey Nets.
Howard Crook(born 1947),Opera singertenor.
Mark DeRosa(born 1975),Major League Baseballinfielder.
Joel Diamond(born 1943)
Dow H. Drukker(1872–1963), representedNew Jersey's 6th congressional districtfrom 1914-1919.
Evelyn Dubrow(1911–2006), lobbyist andPresidential Medal of Freedomrecipient.
Charles Evered(born 1964), playwright.
Donald Fagen(born 1948), musician withSteely Dan.
Jack Fina(1913–1970), musician
Paul Goldberger(born 1950),Pulitzer Prize-winning architecture critic.
David Grisman(born 1945), famousbluegrass musicianand former member ofOld and in the WaywithJerry Garciaof theGrateful Dead
Reed Gusciora(born 1960), former minority leader of theNew Jersey General Assembly.
Robert Helps(1928–2001), pianist and composer.
Craig Heyward(1966–2006),National Football Leaguerunning back.
Dennis Johnson(born 1951), former NFLdefensive tackle.
Mike Jorgensen(born 1948), formerMajor League Baseballplayer
Lewis Kaplan,violinist.
Fritz Knothe(1903–1963), formerMajor League Baseballplayer and member of 'Wonder Team.'
George Knothe(1898–1981), played with broither Fritz on 'Wonder Team' and Philadelphia Phillies.
Martin Krugman(1919-?), successful hair salon and wig shop proprietor who was a suspect in the 1978Lufthansa heistand later allegedly murdered in 1979
Anthony Mason(born 1925), actor.
Ray Malavasi(1930–1987),National Football Leaguehead coach.
William J. Martini(born 1947), formerRepublicanCongressman.
Larry Mialik(born 1950), formerNational Football Leagueplayer.
Michael Marisi Ornstein(born 1963), filmmaker and actor.[citation needed]
Bill Mokray(1907–1974), basketball historian and statistician enshrined to theBasketball Hall of Famein 1965 as a contributor to the sport.
Jack MulhallSilent film and talkie leading man. Made his home in Passaic. Frist to play dual role in talking picture: 'Dark Streets'(1929).
David Packer(born 1962), actor.[citation needed]
Morris Pashman(1912–1999),New Jersey Supreme CourtJustice who served as mayor of Passaic from 1951 to 1955.
Millie Perkins(born 1938), actress, best known for her lead role in the filmThe Diary of Anne Frank.
Jason Perry(born 1976), formersafetyin theNFLfrom 1999 to 2002.
Kenneth Peterson (S/Sgt). Distinguished Service Cross, Silver Star, Bronze Star, Purple with Oak Leaf Cluster.
Joe Piscopo(born 1951), comedian.
Gerry Polci, drummer and singer with Frankie Valli andThe Four Seasons.
Michael J. Pollard(born 1939), actor.
Stuart Rabner(born 1960), Chief Justice of theNew Jersey Supreme Court.
Frankie Randall(born Francis Lisbona, January 11, 1938) Popular entertainer, musician, singer and actor.
Joseph Rankin, U.S. Representative fromWisconsin.
John Roosma(1900–1983), captain ofErnest Blood's 'Wonder Teams' who became the first college player to total 1,000 points for his career while at theUnited States Military Academy.
Alan Rosenberg(born 1951),Emmy Award-winning actor and activist,Screen Actors GuildPresident (2005–present),Donald Fagen's cousin
Mark Rosenberg(c. 1948 - 1992), film producer.
Paul Rudd(born 1969), actor.
Bob Russell(1914–1970),Hall of Famesongwriter
Bob Russell(1908–1998), entertainer.
Sherwood Schwartz(born 1916), TV producer
Víctor Santos(born 1976),Cincinnati Redspitcher
The Shirelles, musicians
Robert Smithson(1938–1973), artist
Mark Stevens, former NFL QB, Redskins, played college at Purdue
Larry Storch(born 1923), actor
Tyronne Stowe(born 1965), former NFL linebacker.
Marcia Strassman(born 1948), actress, grew up in Passaic, across the street fromAlan Rosenberg.
Michael Stroka(born 1938), actor
Loretta Swit(born 1937), actress.
Danny Szetela(born 1987),Major League Soccerplayer
Dave Szott(born 1967),National Football Leagueplayer and coach
Franklin Stuart Van Antwerpen(born 1941), judge on theUnited States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.
Jack Tatum(born 1948), football player.
Ösel Tendzin(born 1943),Tibetan Buddhistscholar.
Dick Vitale(born 1939), sportscaster.
Perry Williams(born 1961), formercornerbackfor theNew York Giants.
Darrin Winston(1966–2008),Major League Baseballplayer who played two seasons in Major League Baseball for thePhiladelphia Phillies.
Saul Zaentz(born 1921), film producer.
Michael Zager(born 1943), musician and producer
Frankie Zak(1922–1972) Major League Baseball player,Pittsburgh Pirates.
Films shot in Passaic
2006:Be Kind Rewinddirected byMichel Gondry.
2009: Filming for new NBC series 'Mercy' is being shot in the old St Mary's Hospital on occasion.